Dynamics of Water Absorption in Callovo-Oxfordian Claystone Revealed With Multimodal X-Ray and Neutron Tomography

Investigating the Swelling Pressure of 1 Compacted Crushed - Callovo - Oxfordian Claystone

Neutron and X-ray tomography at Necsa

Neutrons are sourced from the SAFARI-1 nuclear research reactor operated by Necsa. Necsa is located at Pelindaba in the Northwest Province of South Africa, which is 30 km west of Pretoria. The South African Neutron Radiography (SANRAD) facility is located on the beam port floor of the SAFARI-1 nuclear research reactor hall and sources neutrons from beam port No. 2. The facility has neighbouring...

Oedometric compression and swelling behaviour of the Callovo-Oxfordian argillite

The Callovo-Oxfordian (COx) argillite is a possible host rock for radioactive waste disposal in which the ANDRA underground laboratory of Bure (East of France) has been excavated. In this paper some aspects of the volume change behaviour of the COx argillite are investigated. To do so, high pressure oedometers with a maximum capacity of 113 MPa have been used. In a first stage, swelling tests w...

Preferred Orientations and Anisotropy in Shales: Callovo-oxfordian Shale (france) and Opalinus Clay (switzerland)

Anisotropy in clay-rich sedimentary rocks is receiving increasing attention. Seismic anisotropy is essential in the prospecting for petroleum deposits. Anisotropy of diffusion has become relevant for environmental contaminants, including nuclear waste. In both cases, the orientation of component minerals is a critical ingredient and, largely because of small grain size and poor crystallinity, t...

X-ray Absorption Spectroscopy and X-ray Raman Scattering of Water and Ice; An Experimental View

Here we present a review of x-ray absorption spectroscopy and x-ray Raman scattering with the perspective to understand the spectra of water including changes with temperature, mass of the water molecule and presence of monovalent ions. The different detection schemes are discussed and it is concluded that transmission x-ray absorption measurements, using a small area where the thickness is uni...